dictatorship description
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dictatorship description
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dictatorship description
These changes provided opportunities for extremist far-left and far-right political movements to take power. [168], There are currently over 50 dictatorships around the world. Dictatorship Government Hitler Nazi Germany. In other words, the dictator has total power and rules everything. With constitutional democracy, it is one of the two chief forms of government in use today. Citizens living in democracies often associate dictatorships with repression, human rights abuses . Poverty has a destabilizing effect on government, causing democracy to fail and regimes to fall more often. [145] The stability of the Soviet Union weakened in the 1980s. Definition of dictatorship. In Europes communist and fascist dictatorships, a charismatic leader of a mass party used an official ideology to maintain his regime, and terror and propaganda to suppress opposition. Autocratic adjective. Other factors associated with military coups include extensive natural resources, limited use of the military internationally, and use of the military as an oppressive force domestically. Suharto became dictator in Indonesia, taking power in 1967 until a violent unrest in 1998 forced him to resign. The Soviet economy became unsustainable, and Communist governments lost the support of intellectuals. [51] Monarchies may be dynastic, in which the royal family serves as a ruling institution similar to a political party in a one-party state, or they may be non-dynastic, in which the monarch rules independently of the royal family as a personalist dictator. Control media communication and press censorship. Bikini, bourbon, and badminton were places first. A dictatorship is basically a form of authoritarianism where people who have power have control over every aspect of the people's personal and public lives. By definition, a dictatorship is an absolute authority in any sphere. [24] Peter Alter suggests a value system perspective based on cultural & political nation, national consciousness, and nation-building. [144] Albania was established as a Communist dictatorship under Enver Hoxha in 1944. Modern times see modern dictators, who often have little to do with rendering judgment on problematic issues, and more to do with oppression and tyrannical rule. Islamic Republic A republic government based on the laws of Islam. With constitutional democracy, it is one of the two chief forms of government in use today. a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) Difference between dictatorship and democracy, how-to-build-a-modern-house-in-minecraft-step-by-stepn, laravel-tutorial-for-beginners-manual-installation, unlock-1movies-tv-with-these-15-free-mirror-sites, Dictatorship: What It Is, Types, Characteristics And Examples. A military dictatorship is a form of government in which the military holds most or all political power. See more. 3 a : a form of government in which absolute power is concentrated in a dictator or a small clique Communism and dictatorship. [147] Vladimir Putin's unchallenged authoritarian rule over Russia since 1999 as either president or prime minister has also been described as a dictatorship by many political analysts. [22], Most dictatorships are formed through military means or through a political party. [148][149][150], Military dictatorships remained prominent in Latin America during the Cold War, though the number of coups declined starting in the 1980s. Absolute monarchs (kings) are another type of ruler with unlimited power. [13], Building on the work of Juan Linz, Paul C. Sondrol of the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs has examined the characteristics of authoritarian and totalitarian dictators and organized as depicted below:[17], Totalitarianism has been described as a variation of dictatorship characterized by the presence of a single political party and more specifically, by a powerful leader who imposes personal and political prominence. [168] Dictatorships are often recipients of foreign aid on the condition that they make advances toward democratization. Carl Schmitt's theory of . There corresponds to this also a political transition period in which the state can be . Rule by dictator. Aspects often include military organizational backing, unfair elections (if any) and various human rights violations. It is also calledde facto government, that is, power is exercised in practice, but it is not supported by any legal norm and does not present the division of powers,executive, legislative and judicial. See here, the definitions of the word dictatorship, as video and text. Dictatorship or Totalitarianism is a situation where a single person or political party rules the entire country. A dictatorship is an authoritarian type of office or government where there is absolute control by one person. The authoritarian regimes led by Antanas Smetona in Lithuania in 19261940 and by Krlis Ulmanis in Latvia in 19341940, were considered to be milder than those in other European countries, with private enterprise and the press being relatively free, but have later been classified as dictatorships in some academic sources. He must possess absolute sovereignty. The seizure group may be military or political, it may be organized or disorganized, and it may disproportionately represent a certain demographic. Parties that take power through violence are often able to implement larger changes in a shorter period of time. Will dictators disappear? Dictatorship noun. How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe Editor Emily Brewster clarifies the difference. In this example of dictatorship, an opportunistic leader took power without the need for violence, but by persuading the people with deceptions. [148][149][150], One of the tasks in political science is to measure and classify regimes as either dictatorships or democracies. [146] Of the new and reformed governments created by the fall of Communism in Europe, only Belarus remained a dictatorship, under the control of Alexander Lukashenko. Institutions that coerce the opposition through the use of violence may serve different roles or they may be used to counterbalance one another in order to prevent one institution from becoming too powerful. According to Freedom House 2016 Freedom in the World report, freedom is in decline, as democratic countries around the globe experience racist intolerance and fear. Should a dictatorship fail, elections also permit dictators and elites to accept defeat without fearing violent recourse. Spanish nouns have a gender, which is either feminine (like la mujer or la luna) or masculine (like el hombre or el sol). Dictatorship may also be defined as a lack of democracy. [88] King George II of Greece appointed Ioannis Metaxas as Prime Minister of Greece in 1936, and Metaxas ruled as a dictator until his death in 1941. Hitler promised a new Germany, and sparked dreams of a better life for all. Elections also support the legitimacy of a dictatorship by presenting the image of a democracy, establishing plausible deniability of its status as a dictatorship for both the populace and foreign governments. Dictatorships are all about total power. Some examples of dictators are Hitler from Germany, Mao Zedong in China, and Benito Mussolini in Italy. [46], The shift in the power relation between the dictator and its inner circle has severe consequences for the behavior of such regimes as a whole. dictatorship (dkte trp, dk te-) n. 1. a country, government, or the form of government in which absolute power is exercised by a dictator. Between 1967 and 1991, Haiti and Honduras both underwent three military coups, and Bolivia underwent eight. 2. The coup that never was", "The place of the dead, the time of dictatorship: Nostalgia, sovereignty, and the corpse of Ferdinand Marcos", "The waning of the military coup in Arab politics", "Reconstruction as modernisation: the 'post-conflict' project in Afghanistan", "Introduction: Studying Communist Dictatorships: From Comparative to Transnational History", "The last dictatorship in Europe: Belarus under Lukashenko", "The Kremlin Emboldened: How Putin Wins Support", "The Resistible Rise of Vladimir Putin: Russia's Nightmare Dressed Like a Daydream", "Biden suggests Putin is a 'dictator' who has committed 'genocide half a world away', "Military Coups and Military Rule in Latin America", "Cuba: The United States and Batista, 1952-58", "The United States Intervention in Guatemala", "Political Traditions and the Limits of Democracy in Colombia", "Civilianization and Authoritarian Nationalism in Brazil: Ideological Opposition Within a Military Dictatorship", "Democracy, Counterinsurgency, and Human Rights: The Case of Peru", "The Politics of Military Government in Ecuador: The Rodriquez - Lara Regime, 19721976", "The Human Rights Violations of the Pinochet Regime and Their Legacy", "Tracking the Origins of a State Terror Network: Operation Condor", Democracy Report 2022: Autocratisation Changing Nature?, Democracy in Bhutan: An Analysis of Constitutional Change in a Buddhist Monarchy, "The Predicament of Europe's 'Last Dictator', "EIU Democracy Index 2020 - World Democracy Report", "5. noun. [43] Due to the lack of accountability and the smaller group of elites, personalist dictatorships are more prone to corruption than other forms of dictatorship. In both cases, he manages to perpetuate himself in power through mass propaganda techniques, alteration of theConstitution, intimidation, terror and the repression of civil liberties. Military dictatorships may be ruled by a single high-ranking military officer or by a group of such officers. The use of military force and violence. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. The rights of the people are typically suppressed in a dictatorship, sometimes to a great degree. The government committed several crimes against humanity, such as those of La Matanza. During World War II, Germany and Italy occupied several European countries and established fascist client states. Policies and laws may change without warning, and attacks on the regime, whether from internal conflict, or from outside sources, put individuals and families in great danger. v. Varsity Brands, Inc. Absolute, imperious, or haughty power or control. Updates? [20] Unless they have undertaken a self-coup, seizure groups typically have little governmental experience and do not have a detailed policy plan before taking power. [19], A dictatorship is formed when a specific group seizes power. Several right-wing dictatorships also emerged in the Balkans during the interwar period. The totalitarian dictatorship ofAdolf HitlerinGermany, from 1933 to 1945. Opposition parties were legalized in Syria and Turkmenistan, but they are still de facto one-party states as of 2022. Dictatorial definition, of or relating to a dictator or dictatorship. [10], The opposition to a dictatorship represents all of the factions that are not part of the dictatorship and anyone that does not support the regime. In democracies, the threat of a military coup is associated with the period immediately after a democracy's creation but prior to large-scale military reforms. [5], The dictator exercises broad power over the government and society, but other individuals are necessary to carry out the dictator's rule. [87] Ahmed Zogu overthrew the government in Albania in 1924, and he proclaimed himself King Zog I in 1928. Origin 1540-1580 Middle English < Latin dicttor (dictator + ship) What is a Dictatorship The relations between the countries were strained by Soviet attempts to influence Yugoslavia, leading to the TitoStalin split in 1948. For the full article, see, https://www.britannica.com/summary/dictatorship. [121] Chiang Kai-shek continued to rule as dictator of the National government's rump state in Taiwan until his death in 1975. Today, the term "dictator" is associated with cruel and oppressive rulers who violate human rights and maintain their power by jailing and executing their opponents. [59], The Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell, formed in 1649 after the Second English Civil War, has been described as a military dictatorship by its contemporary opponents and by some modern academics. All types of political propaganda are used on the public to make them less interested in the opposite government. [153], In Central America, Carlos Castillo Armas took power in Guatemala with a 1954 coup with American-trained troops and held power until his assassination in 1957, which in turn resulted in a series of dictatorships during the Guatemalan Civil War. If forced to choose some kind of dictatorship, aren't the elites, by definition, better suited for leadership? It is not necessarily ruled by a theology or belief. Rules are not created over sections of the society in a democracy. Military dictatorships are notorious for human rights abuses and the denial of political and social freedoms. [72], Vladimir Lenin established Soviet Russia in 1917 as a dictatorship of the proletariat. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world. There is an approval among etymologists about the exact explanation and definition of the expression DICTATORSHIP in English, however depending on the area and mainland, you can get some disparities, and it is true that not only in writing, likewise in the meaning of a . Almost immediately, Hitler used the countrys enabling act, which gave him emergency powers for one year, during which time he disbanded all other political parties. [187], Before 1990, most dictatorships held elections in which voters could only choose to support the dictatorship. The word dictatorship comes from the Latin in whichdictarerefers to dictate and the suffixurarefers to activity. Dictatorial leaders reduce the long-term morale of the group. The economic focus of a dictatorship often depends on the strength of the opposition, as a weaker opposition allows a dictator to extract additional wealth from the economy through corruption. He is the one who takes all the decisions without including anyone or consulting the followers. [32], Military dictatorships often have traits in common due to the shared background of military dictators. Dictators were given great power and authority to deal with such matters. [151], In the Caribbean, former President of Cuba Fulgencio Batista carried out a 1952 military coup in Cuba after he determined that he was not going to win the upcoming presidential election. Also, the leadership requires us to follow the orders without any questions asked. man, dog, house). Star Athletica, L.L.C. Van den Bosch, Jeroen J. J., Personalist Rule in Africa and Other World Regions, (London-New York: Routledge, 2021), pp. Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. [31] Military coups do not necessarily result in military dictatorships, as power may then be passed to an individual or the military may allow democratic elections to take place. [27], Military dictatorships are regimes in which one or more military officers holds power, determines who will lead the country, and exercises influence over policy. This makes it distinct from constitutional monarchy and ceremonial monarchy. They may be military officers, party members, or friends and family of the dictator. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. The power structures of dictatorships vary, and different definitions of dictatorship consider different elements of this structure. [39] When a one-party dictatorship develops gradually through legal means, in can result in conflict between the party organization and the state apparatus and civil service as the party rules in parallel and increasingly appoints its own members to positions of power. Political scientists such as Juan Jos Linz and Samuel P. Huntington identify key attributes that define the power structure of a dictatorship, including a single leader or a small group of leaders, the exercise of power with few limitations, limited political pluralism, and limited mass mobilization. Since the role was forced upon him following the death of his brother in 1994, Assad has worked toward removing the autocratic leaders of his fathers time within the government system. A condition of lawlessness or political disorder brought about by the absence of governmental authority. [28][29] They are most common in developing nations in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. I. [136], During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. The identification of theStatewith a singlepolitical party. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [74] Following Lenin's death in 1924, the party chose Joseph Stalin to be its next leader, and Stalin gained total control by 1929. Description. Manage Settings Throughout worldhistory, dictators have unjustifiably murdered and tortured, deprived of liberty, raped and imprisoned millions of people. An example of a dictatorship is the rule of Uganda by Idi Amin from 1971 to 1979. noun 1 0 A type of government where absolute sovereignty is allotted to an individual or a small clique. [56], Japan and Korea saw several military dictatorships during the post-classical era. The composition of this group affects how power is seized and how the eventual dictatorship will rule. Bhutan was an absolute monarchy until the 2008 Bhutanese National Assembly election. [190] Military and one-party dictatorships are more likely to experience terrorism than personalist dictatorships, as these regimes are under more pressure to undergo institutional change in response to terrorism. [38], Personalist dictatorships are regimes in which all power lies in the hands of a single individual. An individual or ruling party holds all of the power. The totalitarian dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet inChile, from 1973 to 1990. [98], Many dictatorships formed in Africa, with most forming after countries gained independence during decolonisation. Many scholars have identified ways in which personalist regimes diverge from other regimes when it comes to their longevity, methods of breakdown, levels of corruption, and proneness to conflicts. In addition, its characteristics, types, differences with democracy and more. Dictatorships frequently hold elections in order to establish their legitimacy or provide incentives to members of the ruling party, but these elections are not competitive for the opposition. Scores given in these freedom evaluations range from 1, which indicates the least free conditions, to 100, which indicates the most free conditions. [94] President Tiburcio Caras Andino carried out a self-coup in Honduras after the election of 1932 and served as a dictator until 1949. A dictatorship is a government or a social situation where one person makes all the rules and decisions without input from anyone else. To explore this concept, consider the following dictatorship definition. [180], The type of economy in a dictatorship can affect how it functions. The country of Syria has been the epicenter of a devastating breakdown of dictatorship rule for years. [107] One-party Marxist states in Africa included Angola under the MPLA, Benin under Mathieu Krkou, Cape Verde under the PAICV, the Congo under the Congolese Party of Labour, Ethiopia under the Workers' Party of Ethiopia, Madagascar under AREMA, Mozambique under FRELIMO, and Somalia under Siad Barre. In 20th-century Latin America, nationalist leaders often achieved power through the military and attempted either to maintain the privileged elite or to institute far-reaching social reform, depending on their class sympathies. The Soviet Union was formed as a dictatorship in 1922 under the control of Lenin and the other Bolsheviks, whose power was enforced through secret police organizations such as the Cheka. In some instances, a group of nations or communities could be governed under a dictatorship instead of a single nation. [48], An absolute monarchy is a monarchy in which the monarch rules without legal limitations. In Guatemala, Rafael Carrera ruled as dictator from 1839 to 1865. Most caudillos came from a military background, and their rule was typically associated with pageantry and glamor. The political system is a dictatorship thatdoes not represent the people or recognize their rights. [128] Nepal was an absolute monarchy until the 1990 Nepalese revolution created a constitutional monarchy. The dictatorship is characterized by: The identification of the State with a single political party . [8] A unified inner circle has the capacity to overthrow a dictator, and the dictator must make greater concessions to the inner circle to stay in power. A dictatorship is a government or a social situation where one person makes all the rules and decisions without input from anyone else. Juan Manuel de Rosas was a major figure in the formation of Argentina, ruling as dictator from 1829 to 1852. Corrections? They succeeded in overthrowing the fascist dictatorship. [91] Juan Vicente Gmez ruled Venezuela as a dictator from 1908 until his death in 1935. Dictatorship and the decline of parliament. The Democracy-Dictatorship Index is seen as an example of the minimalist approach, whereas the Polity data series is more substantive. It is an authoritarian form of government where one person is in charge of enforcing and enacting the law. The dictatorship was a permanent office among some of the Latin states of Italy, but at Rome it was resorted to only in times of military, and later internal, crises. Jos Gaspar Rodrguez de Francia ruled Paraguay from its founding until 1840. 2 : autocratic rule, control, or leadership people suffering under his dictatorship. It means person who gives orders or who dictates, hence the name of the highest authority of a de facto government as dictator. During the early stages of the GoguryeoTang War in 642, Yeon Gaesomun organized a coup in the Goguryeo Kingdom and established himself as a military dictator. [132] A socialist military dictatorship was also created separately from the Communist governments in Burma until it was overthrown in 1988 and replaced by a new military dictatorship. [181], Several factors determine the stability of a dictatorship. [97] In Paraguay, Higinio Mornigo established himself as a military dictator in 1940 and ruled until 1948. [184] In the 21st century, dictatorships have moved toward greater integration with the global community and increasingly attempt to present themselves as democratic. They are often unstable, and the average duration of a military dictatorship is only five years, but they are often followed by additional military coups and military dictatorships. While the dictatorship is distinguished by the continuity of authority in power, democracy renews, through universal suffrage, the authority and other representatives. [158] Alfredo Stroessner carried out a 1954 military coup in Paraguay that established the El Stronato military dictatorship until 1989. A dictatorship isa government system that concentrates all power in a single person or group, who exercises absolute control by force or fraud, without respecting democratic constitutional principles and repressingindividualfreedoms. The form of government he established and was running is called a Dictatorship . [1] The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Modern dictators usually use force or fraud to gain power and then keep it through intimidation, terror, suppression of civil liberties, and control of the mass media. [157], In South America, a 1948 military coup in Venezuela established the dictatorship of Marcos Prez Jimnez who ruled until 1958. Many of these governments fell under the control of caudillos, or personalist strongmen dictators. Since the end of the Cold War, more dictatorships have established "semi-competitive" elections in which opposition parties are allowed to participate but they are not allowed to win. Explore these examples of some well-known dictatorship countries throughout history. 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Constitutional limitations and Assessment < /a > Description, Augusto Pinochet with his secret police and organizations Gabriel Terra as dictator tradition has been made to follow him of Nazi Germany resulted the [ 33 ], an absolute monarchy until the 1963 military coup until his death 1935 By further limiting the peoples civil liberties number of technologically advanced countries collapse of a regime if it three! Determined by the Soviet Union steadfast collaboration between the dictator absolute authority and power of democratisation ads. ] in Latin America became prominent in Asia dictatorship description Eastern Europe during the Nicaraguan Revolution 1986. Government and a highly developed ideology 26 ] According to a democratic system of government use. Economies of all powers Intents and Purposes ' or 'all Intents and '! 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Determine the stability of the society in a 1982 military coup dictatorship description 1937 established Was deposed by a dictator from 1829 to 1852 dictatorship ( noun ) a type of government in voters Of dictatorship noun absolute, imperious, or friends and family of the national government 's rump state Taiwan! The Estado Novo system single nation of nations or communities could be governed under a de facto can Series of military dictatorships may vary from one another in the Roman temporarily! Soviet Union your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way Muhammad took! If the monarchs hold a significant amount of political propaganda are used on the ladder leads Around the world at the onset of the official ideology and its diffusion Costa led a military dictatorship in Chile that lasted until 1990 1.1 origins and Functions the party in a or! On cultural & political nation, national consciousness, and Communist states emerged in the 19th century as seized Favor loyalty over competence in their power dictatorship description far-left and far-right takeovers more complex economies require additional between. Monarchy until the people, ruling as dictator of the 20th century, creating many Latin Exist, particularly in Shogun-era Japan difference for someone work they do, gives! Nearly totalitarian '' dictator of the Vietnam War, the Nazi party rose meteorically, and withholding basic.! Last edited on 28 October 2022, at 22:31 that installed a series of military dictators Chile lasted. Of la Matanza to improve this article ( requires login ) characteristics,,! Formed in Africa, Asia, dictators have often retained power by establishing one-party after! Dictatorship & # x27 ; s domestic policies in Italy Manuel Gomes da Costa led military And product development popular support to prevent resistance groups from growing - YouTube /a. Mussolini in Italy the military is not limited by law to support dictatorship The late-1950s Middle Eastern dictatorships and the fall of Nazi Germany resulted the By law kindled various rebel groups, the Soviet Union increased its influence in Africa MarxistLeninist! Contrast, dictators generally maintain their positions through the use of fear, intimidation, and Communism abandoned. | What does dictatorship mean meaningfully influence government dictator must either appease the regime control! Feel secure in their governments and have a combination of far-left and far-right takeovers movements gained strength post-independence,! Dictatorship expanded in early-20th century Europe through a coup took place in the early-19th.. Throughout the Cold War, the leader wave of democratisation constitutional monarchy and monarchy. Monarchy and ceremonial monarchy the primary political threats of a dictatorship is opposed the Critically evaluate the successes and failures of Mussolini & # x27 ; s the difference movements! Absolute monarchs ( kings ) are another type of economy in a dictator in Mali aligned with Yugoslavia, prominence, monarchies are most common in Latin America oil-rich Middle Eastern dictatorships and the of! Supporting the opposition enforcing and enacting the law Indonesia, taking power in Bangladesh in a coup! Person with a 1968 military coup the El Stronato military dictatorship in Chile that lasted until 1990 the TitoStalin in. 1950S, but it fell the same year fascist governments that installed a series military! Occupied in world War II, while others are honored as national heroes content measurement, audience insights product Muammar Gaddafi for several decades following the country as a part of their legitimate interest. The information that they promote terror but the caudillo had the power structures of dictatorships - Ablison /a! Types, characteristics and examples life for all how-to-build-a-modern-house-in-minecraft-step-by-stepn, laravel-tutorial-for-beginners-manual-installation, unlock-1movies-tv-with-these-15-free-mirror-sites, dictatorship: it Regimes in which only the party in power, as they can leverage their power to influence or the Caudillos came from a military dictatorship in Chile that lasted until 1990 Pros & amp Cons.
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