asp net web api exception handling best practices
asp net web api exception handling best practices
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asp net web api exception handling best practices
So, lets first start with the GetAllOwners method: Wehavent changed much in this action. It is a good practice to write async methods (when we have an opportunity) that handles the I/O actions because it is easy to write those methods and the benefits are indisputable. Of course, if we dont use it, our async methods will execute synchronously, and that is not our goal here. ASP.NET processes requests in a predefined pipeline that includes 23 events. This example includes reading a string value asynchronously, which is provided only as a simplified example of an asynchronous task and not as a recommended practice. Introduction. Overview of the IRepositoryBase Interface and the RepositoryBase Class, Modifying the IOwnerRepository Interface and the OwnerRepository Class. Content negotiation is a pretty big topic so if you want to learn more about it, check out: Content Negotiation in .NET Core. VIDEO: How to Hadndle GET Requests video. This code snippet demonstrates how we can configure the UseExceptionHandler middleware to redirect the user to an error page when any type of exception has occurred. We can use descriptive names for our actions, but for the routes/endpoints, we should use NOUNS and not VERBS. To register it, all we have to do is to use the AddDataProtection method in the ConfigureServices method. It covers issues faced by both freshers and working professionals and aims to help you realize your ambitions through honesty and an attitude of confidence. In-memory caching uses server memory to store cached data. The middleware either processes this or passes it to the next middleware in the chain. If you look at the model classes, youll notice that all properties have the same name as the columns they are mapped to. Now, all we would have to do is to map a returned list of owners from the database to the list of ownerDto. This is something we shouldnt do. Long-running requests can cause unpredictable results and poor performance in your web application. In ASP.NET Core, the concept of exception handling has been changed, and rather to say, now it is in very much in better shape to implement exception handling. It is going to take the same amount of time as the sync request. If we wanted to, we couldexplicitly mark the action to take this parameter from the Uri by decorating it with the[FromUri] attribute, though I wouldnt recommend that at all due to the security reasons and complexity of the request. Starting with ASP.NET 4.5.2, the runtime enforces EnableViewStateMac=true. Thats out of the scope of this article. If you find that something is missing from the list, dont hesitate to add it in a comment section. Once the work is done, a thread is going back to the thread pool. It was developed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic web sites, web services and web applications. Consequently, only repository user classes will be able to call generic methods from RepositoryBase class. This book covers Web API Fundamentals, Web API Routing, Content Negotiation, Versioning Strategies, Exception handling, Dependency Injection and Deployment. ASP.NET Core Identity Series; IdentityServer4, OAuth, OIDC Series; Angular with ASP.NET Core Identity; Blazor WebAssembly.NET.NET Collections; Best Practices. This name will come in handy in the action method for creating a new owner. Having that said, lets create a new folder DataTransferObjects in the Entities project and lets create OwnerDto class inside: As you can see, we dont have the Accounts property, because we dont want to show that information to the client right now. If you want to enable view state for only certain controls in your page, set ViewStateMode to Disabled for the Page. In the Contracts project,there is alsothe IOwnerRepository interface with all the synchronous method signatures which we should change too. We have created these actions that use Repository Pattern logic synchronously but it could be done asynchronously as well. After that, we have to create a new map rule: Of course, we have to modify the OwnerRepository.cs: As you may have noticed, the action method is decorated with the [HttpPut] attribute. If we plan to publish our application to production, we should have a logging mechanism in place. Now it is time to create the first action method to return all the owners from the database. To safely encode a value for SQL commands, use command parameters such as the SqlParameter. Also, theowner object is a complex type and because of that, we have to use[FromBody]. The only advantage is that in the async mode the thread wont be blocked three or more seconds, and thus it will be able to process other requests. In the Create a New ASP.NET Core Web Application dialog, select API, and then click on Create Button. We can use the ASP.NET Core in-build middleware UseExceptionHandler to use as a global exception handler. Your valuable feedback, question, or comments about this article are always welcome. Finally, lets modify the OwnerController: First of all, we inject the logger and repository services inside the constructor. Check out this post: .Net Core series Part 4 to see how we implement the Generic Repository Pattern inside the .NET Cores project. In some limited cases, you can use regular expressions to validate the input, but in more complicated cases you should validate user input by using .NET classes that determine if the value matches allowed values. In most cases, thats all we need. Other than that, we should always return a Task. Hopefully, this will help you understand how asynchronous code works and how to write it from scratch in your applications. But the code in the controller contains several things worth mentioning. So, in this article, we will discuss how to implement global exception handling in the ASP.NET Core Web API. Then we are going to use our project from the .NET Core series and rewrite it in an async manner. ASP.NET Web API Questions and Answers Book. For this article, Lets have a WebApi that has just one entity, Product. ASP.NET Core Identity is the membership system for web applications that includes membership, login, and user data. We should use them for other actions as well. So, for this purpose, we can implement the Global Exception handler so that all types of unhandled exceptions can be caught in this handler. We are not collecting it from Uri but from the request body. It could be very useful to upgrade quality of the update actions. In this post, we are going to create POST PUT DELETE requests and by doing so we are going to complete the server part (.NET Core part) of this series. or a default value if the sequence is empty. In the Create a New ASP.NET Core Web Application window shown next, select .NET Core as the runtime and ASP.NET Core 3.1 (or later) from the drop-down list at the top. From my point of view the code in this article should be deprecated or at least rewritten using SemaphoreSlim instead of Lazy and Lock. For that, we need to create a server configuration to format our response in the desired way: Sometimes the client may request a format that is not supported by our Web API and then the best practice is to respond with the status code 406 Not Acceptable. 1. Check out, 10 Things You Should Avoid in Your ASP.NET Core Controllers, Global Error Handling in .NET Core Web API, ASP.NET Core Authentication with JWT and Angular, ASP.NET Core Web API with EF Core Code-First Approach. ASP.NET Core Web API Best Practices; Top REST API Best Practices; With all this code in place, we have a working web API that covers all the features for handling the CRUD operations. Web API routing routes the incoming HTTP requests to the particular action method inside the Web API controller. You can do that in a more readable and maintainable way by introducing the Global Error Handling feature. Figure 1 shows the dependencies for this situation. Use the InputFile component to read browser file data into .NET code. The interface and the repository parts are pretty clear sowe wont talk aboutthat. 1. ASP.NET Web Forms is an older framework, but it also has adequate support for async and await. Recommendation: Do not use these events with managed modules. Filters in ASP.NET Core allow us to run some code prior to or after the specific stage in a request pipeline. Furthermore, notice the owner parameter which comes from the client. This book is designed specifically to teach you the SOA architecture concepts along with WCF and ASP.NET Web
Join our 20k+ community of experts and learn about our Top 16 Web API Best Practices. If you liked this article, and want to learn in great detail about all these features and more, we recommend checking our Ultimate ASP.NET Core Web API book. Log messages are very helpful when figuring out how our software behaves in production. ASP.NET Web API Questions and Answers Book. .NET Core supports a logging API that works with a variety of logging providers. It is based on a presentation by Damian Edwards at Norwegian Developers Conference. Hot Network Questions How is Wi-Fi throughput so high? It is extensible, supports structured logging, and is very easy to configure. Tips to Prevent Null Reference Exceptions. For example, if we want to create a method in an asynchronous manner, we need to add theasync keyword next to the methods return type: By using the async keyword, we are enabling the await keyword and modifying the way of how method results are handled (from synchronous to asynchronous): In asynchronous programming we have three return types: Well, we can look at this through the synchronous programming glasses. The combination of Application Requested Routing (ARR) and websockets might lead to access violation exceptions that can cause w3wp to crash. Both of them return IQueryable that allows us to attach async calls to them. Well, we should use void only for the asynchronous event handlers which require a void return type. So, they stay unchanged as well. Therefore, we can use them to execute validation actions that we need to repeat in our action methods. As soon as the work completes, it informs the main thread about the result, whether it was successful or not. This book will teach you Entity Framework concepts from scratch to advance with the help of Interview Questions & Answers. Thank you for reading and I hope you found something useful in it. For the finished project refer to our GitHub repo for the finished project. We are going to cover the following sections in this article: Async programming is a parallel programming technique, which allows the working process to runseparately from the main application thread. If you want to see all the basic instructions and complete navigation for this series, please followthis link:Introduction page for this tutorial. ASP NET Web Forms Guidance ASP.NET Web Forms is the original browser-based application development API for the .NET framework, and is still the most common enterprise platform for web application development. Ultimately Setting this value to false will make your application vulnerable to cross-site scripting. So, in accordance with the interface changes, lets modify our OwnerRepository.cs class, that we may find in the Repository project: We have to modify the Save method in the mentioned interface and the class as well: And lets just modify the Save method in the RepositoryWrapper class: Now, we can continue to the controller modification. Typically, ASP.NET controllers provide endpoints for an API that transports JSON data via HTTP. Then from the menu choose API Controller - Empty and name it OwnerController.cs: Every web API controller class inherits from the ControllerBase abstract class that provides all the necessary behavior for the derived class. Like Web API, WCF has a lot of customization options around exception handling. Through this handler, any exception that occurs in our application will be handled, even we ann new methods or controllers. This book is designed specifically to teach you the REST architecture, Web API fundamentals and advanced concepts. Even though we can use the same model class to return results or accept parameters from the client, that is not a good practice. The main reason behind this statement is that probably we are not the only ones who will work on that project. ASP.NET Web API Questions and Answers Book. You can now accomplish partial-page updates through AJAX, UpdatePanel, MVC, Web API or SignalR. More info about Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge, Cookieless Forms Authentication and Session, PreSendRequestHeaders and PreSendRequestContent, How To: Add Mobile Pages to Your ASP.NET Web Forms / MVC Application, ASP.NET Partial Trust does not guarantee application isolation. When you use GetBufferlessInputStream, you get the raw stream from the request, and assume responsibility for processing the entire request. We are going to modify the code, step by step, to show you how easy is to convert the synchronous code to an asynchronous one. But wouldnt you agree that creating a project that works is not enough? It is the same for the create action. You still need to follow best practices for security and performance that are not outlined in this topic. We dont have to change the other three methods because, as we said, they just change the state of the entity and wait for the SaveChanges to execute. We should write tests for our applications as much as we can. It is very easy to implement it by using the Dependency Injection feature: Then in our actions, wecan utilize various logging levels by using the _logger object. The InputFile component renders an HTML element of type file.By default, the user selects single files. This is what makes our solution scalable. When you are making a provider-hosted SharePoint Add-in with an ASP.NET web application, and you add a reference to an assembly to the web application project in Visual Studio, set the Copy Local property of the assembly to True, unless you know that the assembly is already installed on the web server, or you can ensure that its installed before you deploy your In the IOwnerRepository interface create a definition for theGetAllOwners method : Then implement that interface inside the OwnerRepository class: Finally, we need to return all the owners by using the GetAllOwners method inside the Web API action. Yes, it is AutoMapper. Like Web API, WCF has a lot of customization options around exception handling. Here is where the thread pool provides another thread to handle that work. Global Error Handling in ASP.NET Core Web API. This means that we can use theawait keyword inside that method but without thereturn keyword. Instead, return a RedirectResult. Do not depend on request validation for securing your application against cross-site scripting attacks. All we have to do is to add that middleware in the Startup class by modifying the Configure method (for .NET 5),or to modify the pipeline registration part of the Program class in .NET 6 and later: We can even write our own custom error handlers by creating custom middleware: After that we need to register it and add it to the applications pipeline: To read in more detail about this topic, visit Global Error Handling in ASP.NET Core Web API. Exception handling is one of the most import functionality or part for any type of application which always need to be taken care and implement properly. In the .NET Core Web API projects, we should use Attribute Routing instead of Conventional Routing. In the next article, where we are going to applythe same principles learned hereto supportthe POST, PUT and DELETE requests in our application. The purpose of the action methods, inside Web API controllers, is not only to return the results. The last thing to mention is this part of the code: CreatedAtRoute will return a status code 201, which stands for Created as explained in our post: The HTTP Reference. You can read more about the DTOs usage in the fifth part of the .NET Core series. It contains a lot of functionalities to help us in the user management process. We wont talk about how we shouldnt store the passwords in a database as plain text and how we need to hash them out due to security reasons. Many of them are also what you might consider best practices in the industry. This book covers Web API Fundamentals, Web API Routing, Content Negotiation, Versioning Strategies, Exception handling, Dependency Injection and Deployment. This is effected under Palestinian ownership and in accordance with the best European and international standards. Part 5 Source Code. If a second request from the user is blocked while the first request is running, the second request might access the Session object in an inconsistent state. The cache is shared across the servers that process requests. But you can have the property with a different name than the column it points to, and still to map each other. If you try to delete the owner that has accounts, you are going to get 500 internal errors because we didnt allow cascade delete in our database configuration. Due to the sake of simplicity, we wont do that now. As a result, we have to validate it against the reference types default value, which is null. ASP.NET Web API Web API Controllers; Dynamic Web API Layer; OData Integration; Swagger UI Integration; with all the best practices in mind. In earlier versions of ASP.NET, Page and Control callback methods enabled you to update part of the web page without refreshing an entire page. For any API projects implementing exception handling against every action, the method is quite time-consuming and it also requires extra efforts. We would prefer it if it were only dependent on the interface, but then how do we make an instance to work with? And that is pretty much what we should do inall the actions in our controller. This book covers Web API Fundamentals, Web API Routing, Content Negotiation, Versioning Strategies, Exception handling, Dependency Injection and Deployment. Python and the Python logos (in several variants) are the trademarks of the Python Software Foundation. For example, iiscore!W3_CONTEXT_BASE::GetIsLastNotification+68 in iiscore.dll has caused an access violation exception (0xC0000005). Distributed caching technology uses a distributed cache to store data in memory for the applications hosted in a cloud or server farm. This is very important because we need to handle all the errors (that in another way would be unhandled) in our action method. So, let's update the Invoke method code as shown below: Now, we need to implement the HandleExceptionMessageAsync method, as shown below: Now, in the next step, we need to create a static class named ExceptionHandlerMiddlewareExtensions and add the below code within that class. But the main advantage is that with the async code the thread wont be blocked for three or more seconds, and thus it will be able to process other requests. The below code snippet shows the typical custom middleware class: In the above class, a request delegate is passed to any middleware. If we want to handle the exception that our application throws after canceling a request, all we have to do is to wrap our request inside the try-catch block: Join our 20k+ community of experts and learn about our Top 16 Web API Best Practices. 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