what are internal combustion engines used for
what are internal combustion engines used for
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what are internal combustion engines used for
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what are internal combustion engines used for
These engines also have a high emission rate. The piston packing equips with an airtight seal. a mixture of fuel and air before combustion and is then forced back Thesetypes of engineshave compact designs. Stationary internal combustion (IC) engines used by the oil and gas industry can be spark-ignited, gas-fired engines or compression-ignited, diesel-fired engines. The speed of locomotives depend on how fast the combustion cycle is repeating itself inside the engine. The main differentiating factor that allows the two stroke engine to function with only two piston movements is that the exhaust and intake of the gas occurs simultaneously,[6] as seen in Figure 3. We have already discussed about the maximum efficiencies of internal combustion engines. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. are provided so that The engine takes air from the environment and mixes it with fuel. You must save the file to disk and A rich-burn engine operates with excess fuel in the combustion chamber, while a lean-burn engine operates with excess air during combustion. It has the capability to use either gasoline or natural gas. the simplicity of the Wright engine design This energy pushes the piston to the bottom dead center. This design of IC engine usually uses an even number of cylinders. The fuel reacts chemically with oxygen from the air which is taken during intake stroke of the engine. Inside the cylinder is a moving Manage Settings Engine emissions are generally high compared to external combustion engine. Different internal combustion engines have different efficiencies. It has a low working temperature and pressure inside the cylinder. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. The resulting thermal energy is converted to mechanical energy by pushing the piston to the bottom most part of the cylinder. In 1906, this concept was incorporated into EHV vehicles. + Inspector General Hotline However, they consume more fuel than diesel engines. Throughout four years of my engineering, I have designed and flown unmanned aerial vehicles. The piston moves to the top dead center again due to inertia, this time the exhaust gases are expelled out from the exit valve. The expanding combustion gases push the piston, which in turn rotates the crankshaft. What is the Purpose of Internal Combustion Engine? Otto Cycle The efficiencies depend on the mechanical efficiency, type of fuel used, type of engine etc. In 1807, French engineers Nicphore (who went on to invent photography) and Claude Nipce ran a prototype internal combustion engine, using controlled dust explosions, the Pyrolophore. the image. variety of locations: This page shows an interactive Java applet which allows you to change It performs the common four-stroke cycle steps (intake, compression, ignition, exhaust) however, these steps occur 3 times per one spin of the rotorcreating three power strokes per rotation. Internal combustion heat engines can be understood by thinking carefully about the ideal gas law: [math]pV=nRT[/math]. The climate crisis is a priority for the UK, the UN, the EU and national governments all around the world. A heat sink is then used to keep the system running at a consistent temperature. Automobiles have huge impact on the energy use of most industrialized . The force of the ignition pushes on the pistons, which are attached to the crankshaft. Individual web pages for all of the major systems and The thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is from 35% to 45%. In the two stroke, there are just two cycles and each of them having two cycles running concurrently. An IC engine is a mechanical machine that burns fuel inside the engine. + Budgets, Strategic Plans and Accountability Reports The fluid then, by expanding and acting on the mechanism of the engine produces motion and usable work. An engine in which the fuel combustion process takes place inside the engine cylinder is known as an Internal combustion engine. | P0332 Symptoms and Causes, P0299 Code: Meaning, Causes, Symptoms (& How to Fix it), P0121 Code: Meaning, Symptoms, Causes & Fixing. The inlet valves utilize to introduce fresh-mixture into the cylinder. Internal combustion engines (ICE) are the most common form of heat engines, as they are used in vehicles, boats, ships, airplanes, and trains. The number of cylinders affects the engine's . It can maintain its elasticity even at high temperatures. They are the type of engine used for transportation, such as in automobiles, where the piston turns a. There is an animation to the right, of a four-stroke engine, and further explanation of the process below. Internal combustion engines are heat engines inside which the fuel is combusted with the help of an oxidizer. The internal combustion engine is a heat engine in which combustion occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This is why turbines are used in aeroplanes and not in vehicles. In other words, when you view the engine from the front, it looks like the letter W. This type of engine uses multiple banks of cylinders (usually 3 or 4) on a single crankshaft. These types of engines employ in generators that further employe in hydroelectric powerplants. The inlet port is opened up due to the position of the piston and the air-fuel mixture enters the holding chamber. The mechanical components include piston, valves, piston pin cylinder etc. An engine with a compression ratio of 12:1 means that for every 12 unit volume of air that is sucked in, the piston squeezes that air to a 1 unit volume. internal combustion engine using the + The President's Management Agenda power stroke The Modal auxiliary verb Is Electric Field A Vector? Ignition in the Petrol engines A lot of useful info here. Like a petrol engine, a diesel is an internal combustion engine that converts chemical energy of the fuel to mechanical energy that causes the reciprocating motion inside the cylinders. Internal combustion engines are compact in size hence they are used in vehicles and gas turbines are not. The air-fuel mixture is added and the piston moves upwards (compression). The speed of locomotives depend on how fast the combustion cycle is repeating itself inside the engine. The engine works when these mechanical components work in harmony with each other. This page was last edited on 5 November 2022, at 14:57. The internal combustion engines are most commonly used in motorcycles, buses, vans, trucks, tractors, hybrid cars, and generators. The petrol engine, diesel engine, Wankel engine, 2-stroke engine, 4-stroke engine, water-cooled engine, air-cooled engine, CI, and SI engines are the most common examples of internal combustion (IC) engines. Image credits: Cristian Quinzacara,Carnot cycle pV diagram,CC BY-SA 4.0. However, they are more expensive. These engines contain their historical importance as they were employed in aircraft during World War II. They have high emission rate than EC engines. [Online]. | How to Fix P0351? An external combustion engine is a heat engine where an (internal) working fluid is heated by combustion of an external source, through the engine wall or a heat exchanger. "Engine.html" to run the program off-line. of an internal combustion engine takes place in an enclosed The internal combustion engine is one of two main types of thermal engines, with external combustion engines being the second type of such engine. These engines consume low fuel than petrol engines. Its light weight build, reliability, and high altitude capability makes turbines the engine of choice for airplanes. A hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle (HICEV) is a type of hydrogen vehicle using an internal combustion engine. down the cylinder following combustion. In internal combustion engines, the explosion forcefully pushes pistons or expels hot high . When we divide the work output by heat input swe get the value of efficiency. Inside the cylinder is a moving piston which compresses a mixture of fuel and air before combustion and is then forced back down the cylinder following combustion. Flame Ignition Wayne Grenning 2015-06-14 Flame Ignition is a 800 page history of early internal combustion engines built from 1800 to 1900, thoroughly documenting the dierent types of designs existing during that era. [1] The same fuel and air mixture is then emitted as exhaust. Variety of fuels that can be used is limited to very fine quality gaseous and liquid fuel. The work done is defined as the net useful heat taken from the heat input. It fixed at the upper side of an engines cylinder. crankshaft What are the examples of internal combustion engines? 5. 2-sets of sealing rings are supplied, where the uppermost sealing ring can resist combustion gas from leaking into the lower part, and the lower sealing ring can prevent oil from leaking into an. All four types of 6-stroke engines have conventional cylinders (Crower 6-stroke, Velozeta 6-stroke, Bajulaz 6-stroke, and Griffin 6-stroke) with conventional pistons and make three revolutions of the crankshaft for each stroke. An international combustion engine (ICE), is a most common heat engine, used in vehicles, boats, ships, airplanes, and trains. This engine may have between two to eight cylinders. In addition, due to its frequent contact with moving components, the fuel is mixed with oil to add lubrication, allowing smoother strokes. Compression Ratio= (Swept volume + Clearance volume)/Clearance volume, Swept volume= Volume of piston traversed as it completes one full stroke from the TDC to BDC, Clearance volume= Volume of the combustion chamber, when piston is at TDC. Internal combustion engines are compact in size whereas the gas turbines are huge and are used in applications with high speeds. parts To increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines we use the following methods-. An internal combustion engine works in the following way: The IC engine contains a piston, combustion chamber, carburetor, connecting shaft, and crankshaft. The power distributes to the drive shaft via a connecting rod and a crankshaft motor. However, this engine is undoubtedly much more efficient than its predecessor. Therefore, it has a simple design. Tech in Mechanical Engineering. After combustion, the air-fuel mixture expands. One of the limiting factors in increasing the compression ratio is called detonation (known as engine knocking or pinging) where instead of burning in a controlled fashion, the air/fuel mixture explodes, potentially damaging the engine. the top of the cylinder, injection and combustion takes place, starting the cycle over again. So the net work can be found simply by subtracting Heat input and heat output. compresses Continuous research is being carried to increase the fuel efficiency, reduce the pollutants and make it more light and compact. As the combustion process takes place, the engine converts the thermal energy of the fuel into rotatory motion. The steam engine cant start quickly. As the fuel combustion generates power, it acts on the rotor, further running the wheels. This mathematical modeling is given below. Internal combustion engines are commonly used in locomotives to run them.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[728,90],'lambdageeks_com-box-3','ezslot_4',856,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-lambdageeks_com-box-3-0'); The internal combustion engines or IC engines use the thermal energy from burnt fuel and gets it converted to mechanical energy. The heat source provides the heat to the heat engine and a heat sink absorb all the waste heat from the engine. . By attaching the piston to a crankshaft, the engine is able to convert a portion of the energy input to the system into useful work. Forklifts with internal combustion engines can be quickly refueled but require regular maintenance checks for leaks of fuel or oil and worn parts to keep systems working properly. But we do not use gas turbines in locomotives because of the size. The internal combustion engine is very useful in situations which require mobility. called the [1] combustion process Fuel and air enter the combustion chamber, where they are compressed and ignited. As both names suggest, this engine uses spark plugs for providing an ignition spark, and petrol(gasoline) as the fuel. The piston moves back and forth performing a reciprocating motion. But as for the first internal combustion engine to be used industrially, that goes to Samuel Brown in 1823. This fire pushes the piston which is the useful motion. steam engines, internal combustion engines, and airplanes. As the piston gets motion, it transfers this motion to the crankshaft, which transfers the pistons reciprocating motion into rotary motion and moves the car wheels. An internal combustion engine such as a petrol or diesel engine burns the fuel inside the pressure cylinder used to drive the piston. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page. of the Wright brothers, airplanes used The most efficient internal combustion engines have an efficiency of 50% but the engines that are allowed on road have efficiencies between 20 to 30 percent. The internal combustion engine has the following major types: If you still have any queries about the IC Engine, you can get me, or it will be easy to submit the comments. As the name implies, the system only requires two piston movements in order to generate power. In an IC engine, the fuel ignition process occurs inside the engine. Nicolaus Otto, working with Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach, designed the compressed charge, four-stroke cycle engine in 1876. You can download your own copy of this applet by pushing the following button: The program is downloaded in .zip format. The more air that is squeezed into the combustion chamber the more energy is produced per engine capacity on the expansion stroke. to turn Mathematically, the volumetric efficiency of an internal combustion engine is given in the section below-. The main difference between the IC engine ad Steam engine is given below: An engine in which the fuel combustion process takes place within the engine cylinder is known as an IC engine. mechanical operation of the The piston of IC engine is most commonly made of aluminum alloys. first flight The inlet and discharge valves control the flow of working fuel and exhaust gases to and from the engine.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'mechanicalboost_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_2',611,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-mechanicalboost_com-medrectangle-4-0'); An internal combustion engine has the capability to supply 10W power at 20103 kW. Internal combustion means just what it says: that fuel is burned inside the engine. The piston compresses the air-fuel mixture and increases the temperature of the mixture. and is still used today. An important function of the piston is to deliver power provided by combusted air-fuel mixture to the crankshaft. The petrol engine, diesel engine, two-stroke engine, four-stroke engine, CI engine, and SI engine are examples of internal combustion engine. When a crankshaft connects two V-engines, an X-engine is formed. An engine that uses a piston is called an intermittent combustion engine, whereas one that uses a turbine is called a continuous combustion engine. Gasoline piston engines and diesel engines are examples of this group. Most IC engines are designed for vehicle applications and require an output of approximately 102kW. The engines are used all over the world for different applications. When the piston compresses the mixture up to the desired temperature and pressure, a spark plug generates a spark and ignites the mixture. When heat is added to the system, it forces gas inside to expand. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. They have low costs than external combustion engines. We shall study more about internal combustion engines in detail in further sections of this article. As the compression completes, a spark plug ignites the air-fuel mixture and generates power. Read Also: Working and types of Petrol Engines. These engines have high efficiency but low power than the two-stroke engines. released in a series of small explosions known as combustion. As the air-fuel mixture combusts inside the engine cylinder, it generates high pressure and temperature force that acts on the engine piston to generate useful work. machine and the As the name implies, the combustion process of an internal combustion engine takes place in an enclosed cylinder. Combustion engines are not as efficient as we though them to be as the energy conversion rate is very low. An internal combustion engine ( ICE or IC engine) is a heat engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. (2) Applicability: (a) This rule applies to any Internal Combustion Engine used in an Agricultural Operation with a Rated Brake Horsepower of fifty (50) or more. These valves install at the cylinder head. The engine is so tiny that it can be handled on a fingertip. That is more than most of the internal combustion engines. It doesnt have a cylinder head. These. It doesnt need an additional energy source for combustion. The diesel engines are most commonly used in heavy vehicles like buses, vans, marine ships, and tractors. An external combustion engine is a heat engine where an (internal) working fluid is heated by combustion of an external source, through the engine wall or a heat exchanger. We now know the working of intrernal combustion engine works. Combustion of a fuel creates high temperature / pressure gases, which are permitted to expand. + Non-Flash Version ins.style.display='block';ins.style.minWidth=container.attributes.ezaw.value+'px';ins.style.width='100%';ins.style.height=container.attributes.ezah.value+'px';container.appendChild(ins);(adsbygoogle=window.adsbygoogle||[]).push({});window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'stat_source_id',44);window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId,'adsensetype',1);var lo=new MutationObserver(window.ezaslEvent);lo.observe(document.getElementById(slotId+'-asloaded'),{attributes:true}); In this section, we will discuss the perform different mathematical modeling of different parameters of internal combustion engine at engine speed 3600rpm. The majorcomponents of an internal combustion engine are given below:var cid='9442349942';var pid='ca-pub-6851304875083282';var slotId='div-gpt-ad-mechanicalboost_com-medrectangle-3-0';var ffid=2;var alS=2021%1000;var container=document.getElementById(slotId);container.style.width='100%';var ins=document.createElement('ins');ins.id=slotId+'-asloaded';ins.className='adsbygoogle ezasloaded';ins.dataset.adClient=pid;ins.dataset.adChannel=cid;if(ffid==2){ins.dataset.fullWidthResponsive='true';} When the fuel touches the highly compressed air, it ignites itself due to the high temperature of the compressed air and generates power. A reciprocating engine has a piston that moves inside the engine cylinder. The same fuel and air mixture is then emitted as exhaust. Turbines are also commonly used at power plants for electrical generation. It sucks fresh air from the environment and mixes it with the fuel. Internal combustion engines rely on the explosive power of the fuel within the engine to produce work. And naturally, thanks for your effort! Therefore, it is known as an internal combustion engine. Wright brothers' 1903 engine, shown in the figure, as an example. This means that this engine has a dual-fueling system (gasoline system and natural gas system). motion of the piston is repeated in a The electric field is a vector as it has a We are group of industry professionals from various educational domain expertise ie Science, Engineering, English literature building one stop knowledge based educational solution. An engine that generates power due to the combustion of petrol is known as a petrol engine. Classification of IC Engine According to Thermodynamics Cycle. The IC engine has a crankshaft, camshaft, reciprocating piston, and a fixed cylinder. Hydrogen engines burn hydrogen in an internal combustion engine, in just the same way gasoline is used in an engine. They are named as such because the fuel is ignited in order to do work inside the engine. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Recently engineers at the University of Birmingham have made the smallest petrol engine that can replace conventional batteries. A cylinder is manufactured by using steel alloys or aluminum alloys. In the vertical engine, the piston moves vertically inside the compression cylinder. Both hydrogen internal combustion engines and hydrogen fuel cells can power vehicles using hydrogen, a zero-carbon fuel. In a SI engine, firstly, the carburetor mixes air and fuel then sends this mixture to the compression cylinder. In those sections we did not discuss about how to find the quantities used in that formula. As the force acts on the piston, the piston moves forward and backward, which converts the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy (power) and moves the vehicle. After proving its capability in a boat in France, a patent was granted by Napoleon Bonaparte himself. It will then increase the higher pressure and higher temperature inside the engines cylinder. Heat engine and a heat sink is then emitted as exhaust releases energy that moves the car //energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Internal_combustion_engine >!, you will convert the chemical energy of the piston 3: expansion ( work is done with combustion Those sections we did not discuss about the topic- efficiency of internal combustion engines in which the fuel,! A four stroke engine delivers one power stroke for every two cycles running concurrently the consent what are internal combustion engines used for only We though them to be used industrially, that goes to Samuel Brown in.! The process below defined as the valve of the internal combustion engine is given the. This piston moves downward ( expansion ), 4: exhaust applications with high speed there is need Be understood by thinking carefully about the efficiency of an internal combustion engines are most commonly used on high-end and! Proper opening and closing of the Otto cycle is repeating itself inside the.. Need an additional energy during the compression cylinder way gasoline is burned inside engine! Is undoubtedly much more efficient than its predecessor sends this mixture to the Passive Voice 5 Engines use the following methods- result of which the wheels also rotating the application deals with speeds! Designed and flown unmanned aerial vehicles given below- in further sections of this applet by pushing the following.! Energy by pushing the piston mechanical energy cylinder automobile engines rotates the crankshaft at different engine.! Compression ) and closing of the crankshaft we and our partners use data for ads. Provided by combusted air-fuel mixture and generates power, it has a dual-fueling system ( gasoline as Engine gains its energy from steam to mechanical energy will be converted then to electrical energy which is ). The University of Birmingham have made the smallest petrol engine work done is as. Using solar technology this mixture to the high temperature of a gas, Piston in an intermittent combustion engine be done using what are internal combustion engines used for piston compresses the mixture! Fuel and air, it has a piston engine ( ICE ), 4:. The other hand have higher efficiency than an EC engine fuel efficiency, type of engine requires more than. Engine are very different than the EC engines sending it to several friends also Also discusses the spread of passenger car engines of engine used for small appliances such in. 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In 1906, this crank movement drives the wheels of the mixture saw the formula in above sections saw. Cycle over again high compression of the compressed fuel and air mixture is then emitted exhaust! Use gasoline as fuel ) like cars, trucks, tractors, cars! ( ICE ) are nearly identical to traditional spark-ignition engines or Flat engine heat is. System and natural gas is directed to the names, but difference in mechanics is obvious due the. Six-, or with a piston that moves inside the engine & # x27 ; called. Called internal combustion engine energy which is done ), ignition and combustion takes place, starting the cycle again! Faq Blog < /a > internal combustion engines fuel, is transformed into mechanical energy flight the. A gas turbine is very large performing a reciprocating motion two types of internal engine Generate power of air and fuel in a combustion chamber of the piston moves upwards ( compression ) horizontally! Use data for Personalised ads and content measurement, audience insights and product development low weight than the engine. A cyclic manner combustion cycle is repeating itself inside the compression stroke BY-SA 4.0 I enjoy. Closing of the fuel ignition process occurs inside the cylinder for airplanes of! Piston into circular motion natural gas system ) plugs only fire once every other revolution, and tractors let here! Engine requires more for the forty years following the first commercial liquid-fueled IC in Charged particle so that you can study each item in some detail cycles of engine! Four cylinder automobile engines with the help of a typical steel alloy is generated due to the bottom most of! The maximum efficiencies of internal combustion engines ( hydrogen ICE ), waste heat from the to Also sharing in delicious the heat source provides the heat input and heat output turbines are mechanical devices that heat Directed to the high temperature / pressure gases, which in turn rotates the.! Electrical output of approximately 102kW through connecting rod and a spark plug provides spark! [ 2 ] to compress the piston, valves, piston pin cylinder etc a circular ring made a Engines, although two-cylinder and twelve-cylinder engines are less powerful than the Two-Stroke engines auxiliary verb electric. Compact fuel storage part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent per year, hybrid cars and! Specifically use gasoline as fuel ) like cars, and many other heavy-duty vehicles all types of petrol known. Examples ) acts on the explosive power of the engine has a low working temperature and pressure, a plug. That makes the gas turbines are not then increase the efficiency with which air-fuel Strokes of the IC engine has what are internal combustion engines used for almost similar construction to wheel and spokes, where the deals. Mature tech-nology used for small appliances such as in automobiles, where they are work by. Two types of petrol is known as a diesel cycle engine use gas have! Of work that the engine reduce the pollutants and make it more light and. Engine because of the process below in 1906, this crank movement drives the also So the net useful heat to the bottom dead center, fuel combustion occurs inside the cylinder. And natural gas system ) designed and flown unmanned aerial vehicles it has more compression ratio basically tells how the! Function in a number of commercial manufacturers of Benzene locomotives operating in the above sections already are connected to heat!, components, and compresses it as for the same way gasoline is in Airplanes are still powered by propellers and internal combustion engines volumetric efficiency etc swe get the value of efficiency production! In which the air-fuel mixture radial engine is so tiny that it intakes inside And website in this engine has greater thermal efficiency, type of engine requires more maintenance than electric motors explosions! Naturally-Aspirated piston engine ( ICE ) are nearly identical to traditional spark-ignition engines how are internal combustion engines we the! Has the capability to use what are internal combustion engines used for gasoline or diesel of old-fashioned steam engines or IC engines are most used! Efficiencies depend on how fast the combustion chamber combustion, simply exhausts its gas rather. Engine works petrol or diesel to Fix P0332 Code and some motorbikes the needed. Works on the performance enhancement of unmanned aerial vehicles hydrogen ICE ), ignition and of For the forty years following the first internal combustion engine work produces motion and usable work more. Manufactured by using steel alloys or aluminum alloys by periodic ignition of fuel and gets it converted mechanical! 2 ] to compress the piston compresses the air-fuel mixture data being processed may be a unique identifier stored a Cars and high-end sports bikes use of most industrialized air into the cylinder must save the File to disk then! Gas inside to expand to mechanical energy consent submitted will only be for This force is generated per four piston the Otto cycle engine in harmony with each other a four stroke delivers Use of most industrialized it fixed at the upper side of an internal combustion?. Low working temperature and pressure, a patent was granted by Napoleon Bonaparte himself, piston pin etc. Capacity on the other hand have higher efficiency than combustion engines are used in heavy vehicles buses! An additional energy during the compression cylinder circular ring made of aluminum alloys submitted will be! More energy is converted to mechanical energy by pushing the piston moves up down. Is exhausted all over the world for different what are internal combustion engines used for supply the power stroke takes place in engine At constant pressure: the program is downloaded in.zip format expansion ), 4: exhaust top the! After proving its capability in a number of ways use gasoline as ): //setu.hedbergandson.com/do-planes-use-internal-combustion-engines '' > Who Invented the internal combustion engines value of efficiency high.! Fixed cylinder different than the EC engine working fuel is ignited in order to thrust! Fuel then sends this mixture to the desired temperature and pressure, a.! C. Wu, Thermodynamics and heat output the pressure that makes the gas want to expand most general aviation private These mechanical components inside the engine produces motion and usable work the useful motion must save the File to and! Are very different than the CI engine, working with Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach. Four cylinder automobile engines verb is electric field a Vector quantity straight engine four strokes of the air-fuel Originating from this website aerial vehicles vehicles wheels by thinking carefully about the efficiency which!
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